Basal cell carcinoma - Karsinoma Sel Basal
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Dalam keputusan Stiftung Warentest 2022 dari Jerman, kepuasan pengguna terhadap ModelDerm hanya lebih rendah sedikit berbanding dengan perundingan teleperubatan berbayar.
Dalam keputusan Stiftung Warentest 2022 dari Jerman, kepuasan pengguna terhadap ModelDerm hanya lebih rendah sedikit berbanding dengan perundingan teleperubatan berbayar.
Lesi ulser yang menjejaskan kulit hidung pada individu warga emas biasanya didiagnosis sebagai Karsinoma Sel Basal (Basal cell carcinoma). Hidung merupakan tapak yang biasa bagi jenis kanser kulit ini.
Karsinoma Sel Basal (Basal cell carcinoma) mungkin muncul dengan sempadan yang tidak teratur dan ulser.
Karsinoma Sel Basal (Basal cell carcinoma) boleh disalah anggap ketuat.
relevance score : -100.0%
ReferencesBasal cell carcinoma (BCC) ialah jenis kanser kulit yang paling biasa. Pendedahan cahaya matahari adalah punca utama. Hampir semua kes BCC menunjukkan aktiviti isyarat Hedgehog yang berlebihan dalam analisis molekul. Pelbagai rawatan tersedia dan dipilih berdasarkan risiko berulang, keperluan pemeliharaan tisu, keutamaan pesakit, serta tahap penyakit.
Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common malignancy. Exposure to sunlight is the most important risk factor. Most, if not all, cases of BCC demonstrate overactive Hedgehog signaling. A variety of treatment modalities exist and are selected based on recurrence risk, importance of tissue preservation, patient preference, and extent of disease.
Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common malignancy. Exposure to sunlight is the most important risk factor. Most, if not all, cases of BCC demonstrate overactive Hedgehog signaling. A variety of treatment modalities exist and are selected based on recurrence risk, importance of tissue preservation, patient preference, and extent of disease.
Basal cell carcinomas merupakan jenis kanser kulit yang paling kerap dijumpai pada orang dewasa berkulit cerah berumur 50 tahun ke atas. Kes‑kesnya semakin meningkat di seluruh dunia, terutamanya disebabkan oleh pendedahan kepada cahaya matahari. Faktor genetik tertentu boleh menjadikan seseorang lebih terdedah kepada kanser ini pada usia yang lebih muda. Basal cell carcinomas berbeza dari segi keterukan; ada yang berupa lesi cetek atau nodular yang mudah dirawat, manakala yang lain lebih meluas dan memerlukan perbincangan dalam pasukan perubatan khusus. Prognosis bergantung kepada kebarangkalian kanser kembali atau keupayaannya merosakkan tisu berdekatan. Pembedahan merupakan rawatan standard bagi kebanyakan kes, memastikan penyingkiran yang tepat dan peluang berulang yang rendah. Kaedah yang kurang invasif juga dapat merawat lesi cetek dengan berkesan.
Basal cell carcinomas are the most frequent skin cancers in the fair-skinned adult population over 50 years of age. Their incidence is increasing throughout the world. Ultraviolet (UV) exposure is the major carcinogenic factor. Some genodermatosis can predispose to formation of basal cell carcinomas at an earlier age. Basal cell carcinomas are heterogeneous, from superficial or nodular lesions of good prognosis to very extensive difficult-to-treat lesions that must be discussed in multidisciplinary committees. The prognosis is linked to the risk of recurrence of basal cell carcinoma or its local destructive capacity. The standard treatment for most basal cell carcinomas is surgery, as it allows excision margin control and shows a low risk of recurrence. Superficial lesions can be treated by non-surgical methods with significant efficacy.
Basal cell carcinomas are the most frequent skin cancers in the fair-skinned adult population over 50 years of age. Their incidence is increasing throughout the world. Ultraviolet (UV) exposure is the major carcinogenic factor. Some genodermatosis can predispose to formation of basal cell carcinomas at an earlier age. Basal cell carcinomas are heterogeneous, from superficial or nodular lesions of good prognosis to very extensive difficult-to-treat lesions that must be discussed in multidisciplinary committees. The prognosis is linked to the risk of recurrence of basal cell carcinoma or its local destructive capacity. The standard treatment for most basal cell carcinomas is surgery, as it allows excision margin control and shows a low risk of recurrence. Superficial lesions can be treated by non-surgical methods with significant efficacy.
Rawatan utama untuk BCC adalah pembedahan. Untuk BCC yang berisiko tinggi atau berulang, terutamanya di kawasan kritikal, pembedahan mikrografik disyorkan. Pesakit dengan BCC cetek berisiko rendah boleh mempertimbangkan rawatan topikal atau kaedah destruktif. Terapi fotodinamik berkesan untuk BCC nodular dangkal dan berisiko rendah. Untuk BCC lanjutan atau metastatik tempatan, perencat Hedgehog (vismodegib atau sonidegib) disyorkan. Jika terdapat perkembangan penyakit atau intoleransi terhadap perencat Hedgehog, imunoterapi dengan antibodi anti‑PD1 (cemiplimab) boleh dipertimbangkan. Radioterapi merupakan pilihan yang baik bagi pesakit yang tidak dapat menjalani pembedahan, terutama pesakit yang lebih tua. Elektrokimoterapi boleh dipertimbangkan jika pembedahan atau radioterapi bukan pilihan.
The primary treatment for BCC is surgery. For high-risk or recurring BCC, especially in critical areas, micrographically controlled surgery is recommended. Patients with low-risk superficial BCC might consider topical treatments or destructive methods. Photodynamic therapy works well for superficial and low-risk nodular BCCs. For locally advanced or metastatic BCC, Hedgehog inhibitors (vismodegib, sonidegib) are recommended. If there's disease progression or intolerance to Hedgehog inhibitors, immunotherapy with anti-PD1 antibody (cemiplimab) can be considered. Radiotherapy is a good option for patients who can't have surgery, especially older patients. Electrochemotherapy could be considered if surgery or radiotherapy isn't an option.
The primary treatment for BCC is surgery. For high-risk or recurring BCC, especially in critical areas, micrographically controlled surgery is recommended. Patients with low-risk superficial BCC might consider topical treatments or destructive methods. Photodynamic therapy works well for superficial and low-risk nodular BCCs. For locally advanced or metastatic BCC, Hedgehog inhibitors (vismodegib, sonidegib) are recommended. If there's disease progression or intolerance to Hedgehog inhibitors, immunotherapy with anti-PD1 antibody (cemiplimab) can be considered. Radiotherapy is a good option for patients who can't have surgery, especially older patients. Electrochemotherapy could be considered if surgery or radiotherapy isn't an option.
Faktor risiko termasuk pendedahan kepada cahaya ultraviolet (UV), terapi sinaran, pendedahan jangka panjang kepada arsenik, dan fungsi sistem imun yang lemah (contohnya pemindahan organ). Pendedahan kepada cahaya UV semasa zaman kanak-kanak amat berbahaya.
Selepas diagnosis melalui biopsi, rawatan biasanya melibatkan pembedahan. Ini boleh dilakukan dengan pembedahan eksisi mudah jika kansernya kecil; jika kanser tidak kecil, pembedahan Mohs biasanya disyorkan.
Karsinoma Sel Basal menyumbang sekurang-kurangnya 32 % daripada semua kanser di seluruh dunia. Daripada kanser kulit selain melanoma, kira‑kira 80 % ialah Karsinoma Sel Basal. Di Amerika Syarikat, kira‑kira 35 % lelaki kulit putih dan 25 % wanita kulit putih terjejas oleh Karsinoma Sel Basal pada satu ketika dalam hidup mereka.
○ Diagnosis dan Rawatan
#Dermoscopy
#Skin biopsy
#Mohs surgery